Los incentivos tributarios y su incidencia en la inversión del sector minero en el Perú

Analiza cuáles son los incentivos tributarios que el Estado otorga y si cumplen con su objetivo social y económico. Es por esto que la importancia de este proyecto de investigación es la de tomar conciencia acerca de la generación de ingresos y empleos que produce este sector, además de conocer los gastos tributarios del Estado y ser sensatos para la hora de pagar impuestos. Así mismo, la metodología que se empleará en el presente trabajo de investigación es de tipo explicativo, transversal y no experimental, permitiendo aplicar la técnica de entrevista y análisis documental a las entidades privadas del sector minero y a profesionales en Contabilidad.Perú. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Vicerrectorado de Investigación y Posgrado. Programa de Promoción de Trabajos de Investigación para optar al Grado Académico de Bachiller. D20110520

The effect of bilayer graphene on sensitivity of surface plasmon resonounce biosensor

In this paper, the effect of bilayer graphene on sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is numerically presented. It shows that the zero reflection at the resonance angle occurred by choosing proper thickness for gold and graphene layers. This research analyzes light reflection in angular modulation with a fixed wavelength (?=633 nm) of incident light regarding to variation in thickness of gold layer underlying bilayer graphene. In comparison to the conventional SPR sensors, graphene based sensor gives a larger local change in the refractive index near the sensor surface. The light reflection coupled into a SPR mode propagating along a gold-graphene layer is calculated and compared to a conventional SPR sensor with varied gold thicknesses

Eficacia de bupivacaína con epinefrina 12.5mg frente bupivacaína con epinefrina 15mg en bloqueo espinal para pacientes sometidos a reemplazo total de rodilla en el Hospital Escuela Antonio Lenin Fonseca, Agosto-Noviembre 2016

Muchos médicos anestesiólogos optan por utilizar en los bloqueos espinales bupivacaina con epinefrina 15mg para los reemplazos total de rodilla con el fin de brindar un mejor nivel y duración del bloqueo sensitivo así como un grado y duración del bloqueo motor. Este estudio es un ensayo clínico comparativo porque se buscara la eficacia que tiene la bupivacaina12.5 mg frente a bupivacaina 15mg para bloqueo espinal en cirugías de reemplazo total de rodilla. Es de tipo prospectivo, de corte transversal. Las edades encontradas en nuestro estudio varían de 49 años a 79 años y predomino el sexo femenino con 15 casos y masculino con 1 solo caso. La bupivacaina con epinefrina 12.5mg logra obtener un nivel y una duración del bloqueo sensitivo óptimas para la realización de dicho procedimiento y un grado, duración de bloqueo motor eficaz. Los parámetros hemodinámicos no presentaron grandes variaciones en ambos grupos de pacientes. La bupivacaina con epinefrina 12.5mg no ocasiona un nivel alto, ni bajo del bloqueo sensitivo y brinda un bloqueo motor eficaz. Recomendamos el uso de la bupivacaina 12.5mg ya que se obtiene una recuperación más rápida de la movilidad de los miembros inferiores. Recomendamos nuevos estudios sobre este tema para afianzar los conocimientos adquirido

Análisis y diseño sismorresistente de la institución educativa N°1610 del Centro Poblado Rinconada,distrito de Santa–Chimbote– ANCASH,2021

Este proyecto de investigación tiene como finalidad de realizar el diseño estructural de la institución educativa, teniendo en cuenta la distribución y disponibilidad arquitectónica, de tal forma que el edificio no supere las demandas y/o verificaciones de un planteamiento estructural del tipo regular. El diseño que se utiliza en esta investigación es no experimental – descriptivo. Se realizó el análisis empleando los métodos estáticos y dinámicos, mediante el software de diseño estructural, ETABS. El análisis estructural cumple con todos los lineamientos estipulados por la norma Técnica E.030-2019 Diseño Sismo resistente. Además, la respuesta estructural que otorga la rigidez del edificio, es inferior a la deriva máxima aceptada a la norma mencionada, es decir la distorsión máxima calculada es de 0.0035 ≤ 0.007 radianes para estructuras de concreto armado destinadas al funcionamiento escolar. Se realizó el diseño de concreto armado, de todos los elementos estructurales que conforman el esqueleto estructural, tal diseño fue elaborado empleando el software ETABS y Safe para el diseño de cimentación. El diseño general obedece principalmente a la filosofía brindada por la Norma Técnica Peruana E.060-2009, quien señala que todo elemento deberá diseñarse para soportar cargas propias del edificio, como fuerzas generadas por la acción sísmica sever

AN ENHANCED SENSITIVE GRAPHENE-BASED SPR BIOSENSOR WITH ANGULAR MODULATION

ABSTRACT This paper theoretically presents an improved sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor using multilayer graphene with angular modulation. Metal thin film functionalization with graphene leads to an enhanced sensitive biosensor. This is due to pi-stacking interaction between carbon-based hexagonal structure of graphene and carbon-based ring biomolecules which increase biomolecule adsorption in the graphene layers. In comparison to conventional SPR sensors this produces a large change in the local refractive index at the sensor surface. The light reflection coupled into a SPR mode propagating along a silver-graphene interface is calculated and compared to a conventional silver-based SPR biosensor. The comparison result shows the improvement in sensitivity of biosensor

Plasmonic enhanced Cu2O-Au-BFO photocathodes for solar hydrogen production

Abstract A novel Cu2O-Au-BFO heterostructure photocathode was constructed which significantly improved the efficiency of photo-generated carrier transfer for solar hydrogen production. A BiFeO3 (BFO) ferroelectric film was synthesized on top of a Cu2O layer by a sputtering process. The BFO layer acted to protect the Cu2O layer from photochemical corrosion, increasing photoelectrochemical (PEC) stability. The p–n heterojunction between Cu2O and BFO layers enhanced the PEC properties by suppressing charge recombination and improved interfacial charge transfer efficiency. When Cu2O and BFO are interfaced by Au Nanoparticles (NPs) the PEC performance was further enhanced, due to hot-electron transfer at the plasmonic resonance. After positive poling, the depolarization field across the whole volume of BFO film drove electrons into the electrolyte solution, inducing a significant anodic shift, Vop of 1.01 V vs. RHE, together with a significantly enhanced photocurrent density of −91 μA/cm2 at 0 V vs. RHE under 100 mW/cm2 illumination. The mechanism was investigated through experimental and theoretivcal calculations

Enhancing Reliability in Federated mmWave Networks: A Practical and Scalable Solution using Radar-Aided Dynamic Blockage Recognition

This article introduces a new method to improve the dependability of millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) network services in dynamic outdoor environments. In these settings, line-of-sight (LoS) connections are easily interrupted by moving obstacles like humans and vehicles. The proposed approach, coined as Radar-aided Dynamic blockage Recognition (RaDaR), leverages radar measurements and federated learning (FL) to train a dual-output neural network (NN) model capable of simultaneously predicting blockage status and time. This enables determining the optimal point for proactive handover (PHO) or beam switching, thereby reducing the latency introduced by 5G new radio procedures and ensuring high quality of experience (QoE). The framework employs radar sensors to monitor and track objects movement, generating range-angle and range-velocity maps that are useful for scene analysis and predictions. Moreover, FL provides additional benefits such as privacy protection, scalability, and knowledge sharing. The framework is assessed using an extensive real-world dataset comprising mmWave channel information and radar data. The evaluation results show that RaDaR substantially enhances network reliability, achieving an average success rate of 94% for PHO compared to existing reactive HO procedures that lack proactive blockage prediction. Additionally, RaDaR maintains a superior QoE by ensuring sustained high throughput levels and minimising PHO latency

Large and Versatile Plasmonic Enhancement of Photoluminescence Using Colloidal Metallic Nanocubes

Improving phosphor photoluminescence efficiency is a key parameter to boost the performances of many optical devices. In this work, colloidal silver nanocubes, homogeneously spread on a luminescent surface, have proved to help both injecting and extracting light in and out of the photoluminescent layer and hence contributed significantly to the enhancement of the fluorescence. This approach has been applied to two materials: the well-known Y$_3$Al$_5$O$_{12}$:Ce yellow phosphor and an optical quartz. The emission efficiency, for sol-gel derived YAG:Ce layers, has increased of 80\% in the presence of an optimal nanoparticle density -- whereas for quartz, a weakly fluorescent material, the photoluminescence signal can be enhanced by a 200-fold factor. A physical analysis based on simulations shows that the disorder is an important factor and that the surface density of Ag nanoparticles is a crucial parameter

Intelligent beam blockage prediction for seamless connectivity in vision-aided next-generation wireless networks

The upsurge in wireless devices and real-time service demands force the move to a higher frequency spectrum. Millimetre-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) bands combined with the beamforming technology offer significant performance enhancements for future wireless networks. Unfortunately, shrinking cell coverage and severe penetration loss experienced at higher spectrum render mobility management a critical issue in high-frequency wireless networks, especially optimizing beam blockages and frequent handover (HO). Mobility management challenges have become prevalent in city centres and urban areas. To address this, we propose a novel mechanism driven by exploiting wireless signals and on-road surveillance systems to intelligently predict possible blockages in advance and perform timely HO. This paper employs computer vision (CV) to determine obstacles and users’ location and speed. In addition, this study introduces a new HO event, called block event (BLK), defined by the presence of a blocking object and a user moving towards the blocked area. Moreover, the multivariate regression technique predicts the remaining time until the user reaches the blocked area, hence determining best HO decision. Compared to conventional wireless networks without blockage prediction, simulation results show that our BLK detection and proactive HO algorithm achieves 40% improvement in maintaining user connectivity and the required quality of experience (QoE)